HMPV Outbreak in China: Is It a New Virus? How It Compares to COVID-19 & Vaccine Updates

HMPV Outbreak in China: Global concern has been aroused by a Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) outbreak in China. India is one of few nations that carefully monitor the virus and its spread.

But is it something to be concerned about? In what ways does this virus resemble to COVID-19 virus? What symptoms does it present with, and what have specialists said so far? Does HMPV have a vaccine? This is all the information you require.

What is Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV)?

Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a common respiratory virus that causes lower and upper respiratory infections (like a cold). It is a seasonal disease that usually occurs in the winter and early spring, similar to Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) and the flu.

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First identified in 2001, HMPV is a single-stranded RNA virus that spreads through respiratory droplets or contact with contaminated surfaces. Cases have been previously identified in various countries, including the United Kingdom.

In what ways does this virus resemble to COVID-19 virus?

HMPV is not like Covid-19, in that it has been around for several decades and there is a level of immunity in the global population from past infections, the experts said. Covid-19 was a new disease which had never infected humans before, driving the pandemic-level spread.

While HMPV and SARS-CoV-2 (the virus responsible for Covid-19) belong to different viral families, they share striking similarities:

Respiratory Illness: Both primarily target the respiratory system, causing mild to severe infections.

Transmission: Spread occurs through respiratory droplets and contact with contaminated surfaces.

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Symptoms: Fever, cough, sore throat, wheezing, and shortness of breath are common.

Vulnerable Groups: Children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals are at higher risk.

Prevention: Standard measures like hand hygiene, mask-wearing, and social distancing help curb transmission.

Currently, there are no antiviral treatments for HMPV. Most individuals can manage their symptoms at home until recovery.

However, if symptoms are severe, hospitalisation may be required for closer monitoring and to prevent further complications. In such cases, healthcare providers may administer:

-Oxygen therapy: To assist with breathing, supplemental oxygen may be provided through a nose tube or mask.

-IV fluids: Intravenous fluids help maintain hydration.

-Corticosteroids: Steroids may be used to reduce inflammation and alleviate some symptoms

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